Now reading Entry 098 / 102 Last revised Feb 1, 2026 15 sources 3 comparisons Methodology →
A specimen of the Immune drawer Drawer F · Immune

Vilon

Research Only

A synthetic dipeptide (Lys-Glu) developed by Russian scientist Vladimir Khavinson as part of the peptide bioregulation framework. Claimed to support thymus gland function and immune modulation. No Western clinical validation exists; all research originates from Russian institutes.

KE · Lys-Glu · Dilysine · KE dipeptide

Research evidence
Low

Mostly preclinical · 2 human studies

Preclinical
67%
Clinical
13%

Based on 15 cited sources

Evidence Score31/100
Preliminary
Research Depth17/100
Mechanism36/100
Plausibility57/100
Global Coverage26/100
Community Experience21/100
EffectivenessNot Established

Demonstrated effect magnitude — not a recommendation or safety claim.

Research Depth 17: best human-relevant evidence is ex-vivo only — Vilon stimulated human thymocyte/NOR ribosomal activity and blast transformation (15455093) and reactivated chromatin in cultured lymphocytes from old donors (15105581); no in-vivo human study exists, so 1A caps at animal-data tier (6), high RoB (1B 2), human N<50 (1C 1), indirect surrogate endpoints (1D 3), with a modest multi-model preclinical program (1E 5). Mechanism 36: target only inferred (proposed direct DNA/chromatin binding, no Ki/IC50 or knockout; 2A 10), proximal signaling partly mapped (sphingomyelin pathway 12420072, gene-expression shifts incl. NF-kB 32399807; 2B 12), limited dose-response (2C 6), confirmed in in-vivo mammals (2D 8). Plausibility 57: mechanism -> surrogate established but surrogate -> immune benefit inferred (3A 16), coherent with immunosenescence biology (3B 20), same-class short-peptide analogy (3C 14), but moderately broad immune+longevity+oncostatic claim (3D 7). Global Coverage 26: nearly all work from the Khavinson/St. Petersburg cluster with one partial Georgian collaboration (4A 8), narrow geographic/institutional breadth (4B 8), ~15 studies (4C 10), no governance review anywhere (4D 0). Community Experience 21: negligible documented real-world use (5A 4), limited track record (5B 7), no reports to assess consistency (5C 4), no recurring adverse signal but minimal exposure (5D 6). Effectiveness not established: no quantified human efficacy estimate and no meaningful community effect signal.

Scored June 2026 How we rate →
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Evidence Level
low
Not approved for human use by any regulatory agency
Limited human clinical trial data
Consult a healthcare provider before use
Not FDA Approved WADA Prohibited
Identity
SCALE · 1:1 N-TERMINUS C-TERMINUS 2 AA · 275.30 Da
Also Known As
KE • Lys-Glu • Dilysine • KE dipeptide
Class
Dipeptide
Length
2 amino acids
Mol. weight
275.30 Da
Sequence
KE
Molecular Structure
K
E
Hydrophobic
Polar
Positive
Negative

The proposed mechanisms of Vilon are based entirely on Russian research. No independent Western validation or controlled human clinical trials exist.

How It Works (Simplified)

Vilon targets immune function through thymus gland modulation:

Thymus Stimulation

Proposed to stimulate thymus gland function, promoting thymocyte proliferation and T-cell maturation that typically decline with age.

Chromatin Interaction

Short peptides like KE are claimed to penetrate cell nuclei and interact with DNA/chromatin, potentially affecting immune-related gene expression.

T-Cell Modulation

Russian studies claim effects on T-cell subpopulations, including helper and cytotoxic T-cells, though mechanisms are not well characterized.

Cytokine Effects

Proposed to modulate cytokine production including IL-2 and interferons, potentially affecting inflammatory and immune responses.

Note: These pathways are theoretical constructs based on Russian preclinical research. No independent Western validation confirms these mechanisms in humans.

Important Limitations

  • 100% of research from Russian institutes (primarily St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology)
  • No independent Western replication or validation studies
  • No controlled human clinical trials demonstrating immune benefits
  • Mechanism of action for a simple dipeptide affecting thymus function is not fully characterized
  • Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and optimal dosing in humans are unknown
  • Comparison to established immunomodulators (like Thymosin alpha-1) shows substantial evidence gap
  • Translation from animal studies to human immune benefits is completely unconfirmed
i. Thymus Stimulation Pathway · Immune Support
Vilon (KE)Thymus Gland InteractionThymocyte ProliferationT-Cell Maturation & DifferentiationEnhanced T-Cell Mediated Immunity
ii. Epigenetic Modulation Pathway · Gene Expression
VilonNuclear PenetrationChromatin/Histone InteractionHeterochromatin DecondensationImmune Gene Expression Changes
Mechanism Thymus gland stimulation promoting T-cell maturation and differentiation
Emerging 4 direct studies
Benefit may support immune system function
Evidence Level
Very Low
1 Human
3 Animal
2 In Vitro
Mechanism Epigenetic modulation via chromatin interaction in immune cells
Emerging 3 direct studies
Benefit suggested to restore age-related decline in immune gene expression
Evidence Level
Very Low
1 Human
2 Animal
2 In Vitro
Mechanism Cytokine modulation affecting inflammatory balance
Emerging 2 direct studies
Benefit may modulate inflammatory responses
Evidence Level
Very Low
2 Animal
1 In Vitro
Mechanism Confidence
Established
Supported
Emerging
Evidence Level
High
Moderate
Low
Very Low
Phase 01 1
Week 1-2

Based on preclinical data: Initial interactions with thymic tissue may begin. In vitro studies suggest rapid cellular uptake and chromatin interaction. Any immune parameter changes would not be detectable this early.

PMID:15455093
Phase 02 2
Week 2-4

Russian protocols suggest continued treatment during this period. Animal studies show progressive changes in thymic architecture over weeks. Gene expression modifications may develop.

PMID:12360356
Phase 03 3
Week 4-8

In aged-mouse studies, extended vilon treatment was associated with lowered biological age, extended lifespan, and reduced spontaneous-tumour incidence in CBA mice. Human response timeline is unknown.

PMID:11140587
Phase 04 4
Week 8+

Long-term effects based on Russian animal studies using cyclical treatment protocols. Optimal human treatment duration and cycling are not established. Sustained immune benefits are unconfirmed.

Research-based observations

This timeline reflects observations from published clinical and preclinical studies. Individual responses may vary significantly. This is not a guarantee of effects or a dosing schedule. Consult qualified healthcare providers for personalized guidance.

Good Signs (7 indicators)
White lyophilized powder
Dissolves readily in bacteriostatic water
Clear, colorless solution after reconstitution
Certificate of analysis showing >98% purity
HPLC verification of sequence
Mass spectrometry confirmation (~275 Da)
Proper vacuum seal on vial
Warning Signs (5 indicators)
Off-white or slightly discolored powder
Slow dissolution time
No third-party testing verification
Purity between 95-98%
Unclear manufacturing source
Bad Signs (7 indicators)
Yellow or brown discoloration
Visible particles after reconstitution
Cloudy solution
No certificate of analysis
Unusual odor
Compromised seal or packaging
Cannot verify source authenticity
Positive quality indicator
Requires evaluation
Potential quality issue

For Research Evaluation Only

These quality indicators are general guidelines based on typical peptide characteristics. Professional laboratory testing (HPLC, mass spectrometry) provides definitive quality verification. This checklist is for initial visual evaluation only.

Synergistic
Compatible
Caution
Avoid

Both target thymus function - thymalin is a complex thymic extract while Vilon is a simplified synthetic dipeptide. May have overlapping mechanisms in immune modulation.

Fellow thymic bioregulator peptides from Russian research. Thymogen (EW) and Vilon (KE) represent different dipeptide approaches to thymus support.

Both target immune function - Ta1 is a 28-amino acid peptide with FDA orphan drug status, while Vilon is a minimal dipeptide approach. Different evidence quality levels.

Both Khavinson bioregulator peptides with distinct targets - Vilon for thymus/immune, epithalon for pineal/longevity. Often used together in Russian protocols.

Both Russian peptides with immune-related effects - Selank primarily anxiolytic with secondary immune modulation, Vilon specifically targets thymic function.

Research Note: Interaction data is based on published literature, mechanistic understanding, and theoretical considerations. Most peptide combinations lack direct clinical study. This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare providers.

This dossier synthesizes available evidence from peer-reviewed literature, regulatory documents, and clinical trial registries. Evidence strength ratings follow a modified GRADE approach.

For complete methodology details, see our Methodology page.

Important Disclaimer

This dossier is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making health decisions.

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